Common Cattail

(Typha latifolia)

Cattails are found in most bodies of water, including rivers, ponds, marshes or lakes. Their roots , called Rhizomes, embed themselves in water. The thick, brown cylinder holds the seeds, which fluff out to carry seeds long distances when released. They are edible and were used for baskets, pillows, and glue by Native Americans. Many animals rely on cattails for food or shelter including deer, muskrats, and turkeys. The most commonly associated animal would be the

Red-Winged Black Bird (Agelaius phoeniceus) which can be seen perched on top of the stalks. There are four different types of Cattails found in the U.S. Here on the Coyote Trail we have two different types, which can be distinguished by the number of heads on the stalk.

NATIVE GRASSES

Big Blue Stem (Andropogon garardii) - This grass can grow up to 10 feet tall. It is distinguished by its height and three-parted flower cluster on top of the stalk that look like a turkey foot. They are called Blue Stem because of the bluish color found near the base. Root systems can grow up to 10 feet under ground.

Little Blue Stem (Andropogon scoporius) - This grass looks similar to Big Blue Stem, although it only grows up to 3 feet and puts off a purplish hue at the base. Little Blue Stem is the most abundant prairie grass and is found in clusters.

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) - This grass ranges in height from 3 to 5 feet. It differs from Blue Stem by the seed head at the top of the stalk, which is open and has multiple stems. Switchgrass is a preferred plant for hay and cattle grazing, although some consider it a nuisance.